The 4 Main Phases

A typical cycle lasts 21–35 days (teens may be less regular). Day 1 is the first day of bleeding.

1.

Menstrual Phase (Days 1–5)

What’s happening biologically

The uterus sheds its lining → menstrual blood. Estrogen and progesterone are low.

Common experiences

  • Bleeding (3–7 days)
  • Cramps, lower back pain
  • Fatigue, headaches
  • Digestive changes
2.

Follicular Phase (Days 1–13)

What’s happening biologically

The brain signals the ovaries to prepare an egg. Estrogen begins to rise.

Common experiences

  • Gradual return of energy
  • Clearer thinking
  • Improved mood and motivation
3.

Ovulation (Around Day 14)

What’s happening biologically

One ovary releases an egg. Estrogen peaks.

Common experiences

  • Higher confidence and sociability
  • Increased libido
  • Clearer skin for some
  • Mild pelvic sensation on one side (sometimes)
4.

Luteal Phase (Days 15–28)

What’s happening biologically

Progesterone rises to prepare for pregnancy. If pregnancy does not occur, hormones fall.

Common experiences

  • Slower energy
  • Increased appetite
  • Mood sensitivity or irritability
  • PMS symptoms for some
Note: If you have concerns about your cycle, please consult a healthcare professional. We also offer resources and leaflets to help you understand your cycle in more detail.